Data story · Chess

The greatest World Chess Championship games, move by move.

Colour every move of a championship game by who a chess engine thinks is winning, and the famous games stop being notation. A slow squeeze, a sudden blunder and a 136-move grind each have a shape you can recognise from across the room.

Every strip on this page is a real Chess strip from the Huezle app, drawn by the app’s own code. More about Chess.

How to read the strips

Each strip is one game, from the first move on the left to the last on the right. Each band is one move by one player, so a 40-move game has about 80 bands. Gold means White is ahead, ink-dark means Black is ahead, and warm grey means level; a band reaches full colour when one side is five pawns up, which at this level means the game is decided.

The evaluations were computed for this project with Stockfish at depth 12, far weaker than the engines top players prepare with, so read the shape of a strip rather than any one band. Only decisive games are included, 417 of them from 1886 to 2024. Draws would be grey strips with nothing to read, which is why the 2018 match, twelve drawn classical games, has none.

The squeeze: Carlsen–Nepomniachtchi, 2021

Game 6 in Dubai ran to 136 moves, 271 bands, the longest decisive game in the data by 34 moves. The engine briefly has Nepomniachtchi more than a pawn better around move 36. From there to move 120 neither side is ever a full pawn ahead, and Carlsen’s advantage only passes a pawn for good at move 130.

Carlsen vs Nepomniachtchi, 2021, game 6A long grey middle, then gold only at the very end.
First moveLast move
  • Black ahead
  • Level
  • White ahead

At the other end, Anand beat Gelfand in 17 moves, 33 bands, in 2012. Most decisive championship games sit between the two: the median is about 42 moves, and it barely changes from the 1880s to the 2020s.

Anand vs Gelfand, 2012, game 8The shortest decisive game in the data: pale through the opening, then gold that deepens fast.
First moveLast move
  • Black ahead
  • Level
  • White ahead

The steady climb: Fischer–Spassky, 1972

Game 6 in Reykjavík, which Fischer won with White, is the steadiest climb of the match: level for the first fifteen moves, then gold that deepens almost every move until Spassky resigns at move 41.

Fischer vs Spassky, 1972, game 6Grey for the opening, then an unbroken run of gold.
First moveLast move
  • Black ahead
  • Level
  • White ahead

The turn: Karpov–Kasparov, 1985

Kasparov took the title by winning the final game of the 1985 match with Black. For most of it Karpov is slightly better, never by a full pawn; then the strip turns dark in the last dozen moves.

Karpov vs Kasparov, 1985, game 24Pale gold for the first 28 moves, then dark at the end. Kasparov finishes more than five pawns up.
First moveLast move
  • Black ahead
  • Level
  • White ahead

The blunders

Some strips are one colour almost to the end and then flip. The most dramatic is from 1892. Chigorin was two to three pawns up for much of the second half of game 23, then on his 32nd move allowed a mate, and the last two bands jump from gold to the darkest ink on the scale.

Chigorin vs Steinitz, 1892, game 23Gold through the middle, then two black bands.
First moveLast move
  • Black ahead
  • Level
  • White ahead

The modern version is the last game of 2024. For 54 moves Ding Liren and Gukesh were never more than about three-quarters of a pawn apart. On Ding’s 55th move the evaluation swung by four pawns in one band, and Gukesh won three moves later to become world champion.

Ding Liren vs Gukesh, 2024, game 14One hundred and eight grey bands, then a sudden dark finish.
First moveLast move
  • Black ahead
  • Level
  • White ahead

Why gold endings outnumber dark ones. White won 272 of the 417 decisive games, about 65%, so roughly two strips in three finish gold. A dark finish tells you a little more than a gold one does.

The other 411 games are puzzles in the Chess category, split into four eras. For other contests drawn the same way, see the biggest NBA playoff comebacks and the greatest Premier League title races.

Huezle shows you one of these games and four matches to choose from. Try reading a squeeze from a blunder by the shape alone.

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Questions

What is the longest World Chess Championship game?

Carlsen against Nepomniachtchi, game 6 of the 2021 match, which Carlsen won in 136 moves. It is the longest decisive game in this data by 34 moves.

What is the shortest decisive World Championship game?

In this data, Anand against Gelfand, game 8 of 2012, which Anand won in 17 moves.

How many games did Fischer win against Spassky in 1972?

Seven, against Spassky’s two over the board. Spassky’s third point came from game 2, which Fischer forfeited without playing.

How were the evaluations calculated?

Each position was evaluated with Stockfish at depth 12 on an ordinary computer. It is a rough guide to who was better, not a substitute for the deep analysis these games have had elsewhere.

Now try naming one yourself.

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